Investment and future profits for companies - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1032 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Investment is the use of capital in a particular activity in order to achieve a future profit and therefore the assessment of investment to the investor based on a comparison of the expected returns of the investment with the cost of funds invested. To study the investment options to be decision-makers (the investor) analysis of the characteristics and components of each alternative and of the following elements: 1-Cost of the investment. 2-period of investment. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Investment and future profits for companies" essay for you Create order 3-Flows generated from investing in a lifetime investor. Thus, the investment will be economically viable if the total of cash flows achieved during the investment is higher than the cost of the investment by the victimized. There are many criteria, indicators as tools used trade-off between investment alternatives and the investor can resort to a single criterion or set of standards, which depend on the decision to accept or reject the investment value of the index used, and the most important of these indicators: Investments ratios: There are different ratios designed to assistant investors for assess the returns on the investments .which divided into 4 ratios: 1- Dividend payout ratio. 2-Dividend yield ratio. 3-Earnings per share. 4-Price-earnings ratio. In addition to above, there are some methods used as tools to evaluate investments. There are four methods used by investors to evaluate investment in the company that are: 1-accounting rate of return (ARR) 2-payback period (PP) 3-net present value (NPV) 4-internal rate of return (IRR) This research will focus on the most important 2 ratios, which are: 1- Earnings per share and dividend per share ratio. 2-return on equity. Especially with many problems and disadvantages related to others methods such as: 1-problems with ARR: With used ARR, it almost completely ignores the time factor.- ARR create problems when considering competing investments of different size.- -ARR use of accounting profit. However, cas h flows rather than accounting profits are Important. 2-problems with PP: PP is not concerned with the profitability of projects but with payback period. -ignore cash flows which arising beyond the payback period. Avoid the practical problems of forecasting cash flows over a long period.- Does not provide a means of dealing with the problems of risk and uncertainty. So, why NPV is superior to ARR and PP? Because NPV fully takes account of each of the following: 1-the timing of the cash flows. 2-the whole of the relevant cash flows. 3-the objective of the business. Why NPV? Because it is provide different important points helps investor to assess dictions investments which are: 1-considers all of the costs and benefits for investment opportunity. 2-makes a logical allowance for the timing of this cost and benefit. 3-related directly to shareholders wealth objective. RAM Holding: Rate of Return on Invested Capital: 1- And can be calculated in many different ways as follows: Rate of return on equity = profit after interest and dividend preference shares / ordinary share capital + reserves. Profit after interest and dividends/ Rate of Return on Invested Capital = share capital + share premium account + share option reserve + revaluation reserve For 2010 : profit for 9 months 2010 = (56,265-19,022) / (672+351,578+61,474) =37243/413724=0.09 2009 = (40,439-28,961) / (672+351,578+61,474-155) =11478/413569=0.03 2008= (43,592 26,383) /(672+35,578+61,474 285)=17209/97439=0.18 2007=( 35,250 18,547 ) /(672+351,578+61,474 214)=16703/413510=0.04 2006= (48,156 -12,367) /(695+449,195+61,474 544)=35789/510820=0.07 The profit after tax is the most accurate because the administration is seeking to reduce the tax, however, some of the allocations of deferred taxes may be subject to the rule of personal, so, and the rate of profit before tax is more objective. There is another rate of return on invested capital is: Overall yield = Operating profit / capital + reserves + Loan Operating profit/capital shares + reserves + loans overall yield= 2010 =72,713/ (672+351,578+61,474+0) =72,713/413724=O.18 2009 =45,614/ (672+351,578+61,474-155+0) =45,614/413569=O.11 2008=59,943/ (672+35,578+61,474 285 + 0) =59,943/97439=0.62 2007=39,694/(672+351,578+61,474 214 +0)=39,694/413510=0.096 2006=49,248/(695+449,195+61,474 544+0)=49,248/510820=0.096 Earnings per share EPS: 2- EPS is used as a measure of profitability and thus the increase in earnings per share is a good sign is also used to calculate the earnings per share relationship between profitability and share price, known as multiplier profitability. Earnings per share = Earnings available to Ordinary Shareholders / Number of Ordinary Shares. For 2010:Earning for 9 months Earnings per share 2010=56,265/1,348,277,000=4.3 2009=40,439/1,344,055,696 =3.11 1,344,055,696=3.39 43,592/ 2008= 2007= 35,250 /1,344,055,696 =2.59 2006= 48,156 / 1,389,907,834 =3.43 Determinants of earnings per share: 1 The case of high prices increase: the profitability of the shares increase when profit increase. 2- Earning per share based on the earnings number is a measure influenced by the elements affected by the decision profit such as depreciation. 3 You should not use profits as a measure of a single level of performance. 4 Cannot use earnings per share basis for comparison between companies because the number of shares issued to each company is not linked to capital invested. 5 The earnings per share represent the historical value, although used to prepare the outlook for the profitability ratio multiplier. EPS related the earning generated by the business and available the shareholders during a period to the number of shares in issues. The trend in EPS over time is used to help assess the investment potential of a businesss shares. Per share dividend: = Dividend Number of Shares. PSD For 2010 : dividend for 9 months 2010 =19,022/1,348,277,000 =1,4 2009 =28,961/1,344,055,696 =2.42 2008= 26,383 / 1,344,055,696 =2.20 2007= 18,547/ 1,344,055,696 =2.00 2006= 12,367 /1,389,907,834 =1.00 Linking with the payback through which the investor can determine the period of recovery of initial investment by the company and the less period is the better for the investor. To emphasize the relationship between returns and risks for the investor positive relationship. The Authorized share capital of the company is 2,200,000,000 ordinary shares of O.O5 pence each Buyback programme in July 2005 Main competitor: Intel Accounting Policies: The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S Generally Accepted Accounting PrinciplesGAAB. Report Accounting Standards: -In June 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board FASB issued new standards for the accounting for transfers of financial assets and are effective for Intel in the first quarter of 2010 beside many adoption in standards from FASB and some of them effected to Intel and other will effect in 2011. Products depend on market share in 2009 Main Microprocessors Chipsets Motherboards Platforms ARM Holding The consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards IFRS as adopted by the EU (UK GAAB for the company) and from 2006 the company applicable reporting under IFRS. Summary of accounting policies: IFRS 8Operating Segments IFRS 7 Financial instruments: Disclosures IFRS 2 Share-based payments Products depend on market share in 2009 Main Mobile Phones = 75 % market share. Hard Disk Drives = 65% market share. Digital TVs and Mobile computers = 25% market share. Microcontrollers Microprocessors= 5 % market share.

Rosa Lee Story - 866 Words

The Rosa lee story Rosa Lee gave dash full access to her and her family life for four years, because she thought someone could learn from it. Rosa was born in Washington and was living a low class life, and often looked down up on for it . Rosa lee was brought up in a single parent house hold and when she entered jr. high her dad died. Rosa mom often struggled to take care of her and her siblings. Her mother gave birth to twenty-two kids, but only eleven survived. Rosa and her mom never saw eye to eye and when she got pregnant at the age of thirteen it didn’t make their relationship any better. At the age of fourteen she had her first prostitution experience for five dollars, she told her customers at work that if they were†¦show more content†¦They had honest jobs like bus driving and had their own cab services. Her brother and sister choose a different path because they seen and knew the struggle that their mom and sister Rosa had to deal with. Seeing Rosa life its self made you want to do right. Eight kids, having to steal, selling and using drugs and being back and forth in jail made you want to do right. Rosa didn’t start selling drugs with the intent to use them, it just happened, she thought selling marijuana and heroin was a quick way to get money and keep her welfare, but when she started she couldn’t quit she was using two fourty dollar bags a day. She said that when she used the drug it gave her courage. Rosa could do and say anything when she was high. Rosa and her siblings used drugs and broke the law because they were not taught any right from wrong . They had such a rough childhood and at this time they didn’t know any better, they were young when they started. Even Rosa kids started taking different paths at very young ages. They didn’t go to school because she didn’t make them. Rosa did drugs in front of her kids and it made them want it. Her one and only daughter Patty started using drugs at the age of thirteen and was rapped several times by relatives while Rosa was incarcerated, which is why she said she hated males and on top of that she was prostituted by her mom. Her son Ronnie started using drugs at the age of fifteen,Show MoreRelatedFighting For Equal Right Essays754 Words   |  4 Pagesfor white to treat black drastically. Resentment slowly grew among members. In 1950s to 1970s, many different activist sparked a Civil Right Movement. The activist who participates in the ignition of the civil right movement are Rosa Park, Emmett Hill, and Harper Lee, their contribution had unleashed the long suppressed hate within the people, and their effort also builded a strong bond between each other. He was the most beautiful baby in this world. Mamie said. 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However, The Help by Kathryn Stockett represents segregation/Civil Rights Movement as the backdropRead MoreHidden Figures By Margot Lee Shetterly Segregation / Civil Rights Movement1402 Words   |  6 Pagespeople were given poorer treatment than white people, and everything was segregated, from buses to schools to water fountains/bathrooms. Segregation was portrayed in two books. The book Hidden Figures by Margot Lee Shetterly represents segregation/Civil Rights Movement as a nonfictional story about three black woman who strive to be in the engineering field at the Langley lab and what it takes for them to get there. However, the book The Help by Kathryn Stockett represents segregation/Civil Rights

Pestel Analysis on China - 1481 Words

Political factor: If Nike wants to open international market such as China, the company would get disadvantages because every country will protect and priority for its domestic products. So, the company must find out exactly these requirements that the country require in Nike to overcome these barriers. International trade regulations The trade regulations in China are formulated in accordance with the Foreign Trade Law of the Peoples Republic of China in order to maintain foreign trade order and fair competition and to protect domestic industry. In 2011, Nike has difficulties to highlight the deep problems businesses face in manufacturing in China, particularly at a time of sharply rising costs and a stiffening legal environment.†¦show more content†¦Employment laws Nike is also finally introducing minimum wage to all Nike employees as well as full health care benefits. China is ranked number 144 on the World Health Organization’s health system list. (America is number 37). Full health benefits would be an excellent advantage to many workers in China. It is within Nike’s best interest to maintain a favorable status within the Chinese government. They are moving further into the interior of China; away from the more wealthy coastal cities into the major indus trial areas with large numbers of Chinese workers will be a perfect purchasing market. Economic factor: Nikes growth is not just affected by the local economy but also in the international economy. An Asian recession could mean weak sales for Nike. The overall results in the sales generated by Nike in athletic footwear, however, remained stable. The global market makes up for the variances in sales particularly between peak and lean seasons. Economic growth China’s economy will expand 8.7 percent in 2011, down from 10 percent last year, as the government tries to limit increases in asset prices, the World Bank said . 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The Conflict of the Ethnic Groups - 1399 Words

Ethnic groups conflict Pastoralist Community Initiative And Development Assistance (PACIDA )highlights the insecurity as a consequence of race for the limited water and pasture in Marsabit area of Kenya (East Africa). Their report of the situation in Marsabit in 2009 indicated that within Marsabit, security has been a major problem. Over the past months in the cause of the year, series of cattle rustling and loss of human lives was quiet frequent, especially in Marsabit. Over range of four month 10 human lives claimed in the process of raid between the Borans and the Samburus. In fact this has been long outstanding conflict in the District. This indicates that some of the conflicts are well organized banditry executions. The different communities organize themselves to go raid others homesteads, particularly from another ethnic group and get livestock. This occurs majorly during the driest times when livestock die in large numbers. To restock their herds, the different communities go for raids in the other communities. The office of the prime minister of Kenya adds that, Security remained precarious for several areas in larger Marsabit district. Incidences of armed conflicts were reported along Loiyangalani and North Horr Divisions and along Marsabit and Laisamais district border. These are regions within the Marsabit District and region. The frequency of cattle rustling between the Samburu and Isiolo communities in particular raises a lot of concern. In theseShow MoreRelatedEthnic Group Conflict: The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict1445 Words   |  6 PagesIsraeli-Palestinian conflict demonstrates this concept vividly. Both sides harbor antagonistic social perceptions against each other. Only by changing these perceptions can a reconciliation be reached. The opposing views result in a biased lens, which only serves to uphold the traditionally held generalities each culture has of the other. 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Hypertension Causes And Treatments Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

The most common medical status and taking cause of decease in Ireland today is Hypertension, accounting for about 1/3 of the entire figure of deceases and killing about 10,000 people each twelvemonth. Hypertension or high blood force per unit area is where the force of the blood against the arterial walls as it circles the organic structure is more forceful than it should be. It is the chief cause of decease in Ireland due to the fact that it is a status that normally gives no symptoms, and goes unnoticed unless it is checked on a regular basis or when a wellness job arises. We will write a custom essay sample on Hypertension Causes And Treatments Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is the deficiency of symptoms that gives the status its other name The Silent Killer. To look into entire blood force per unit area a measuring of both systolic and diastolic force per unit area must be taken. Systolic force per unit area measures the blood force per unit area while the bosom beats and diastolic force per unit area measures the blood force per unit area while the bosom rests. Normal blood force per unit area is considered to be 120/80 mmHg, 120 being the measuring of systolic end product and 80 being measuring of the diastolic end product. Today, there are 4 classs of blood force per unit area ; normal, pre-hypertension, high blood pressure stageI and high blood pressure stageII. Normal blood force per unit area as stated antecedently is 120/80, pre-hypertension is considered to be between 121-139 systolic and 80-89 diastolic while both phases of high blood pressure are 140 systolic or higher with 90 diastolic or higher.blood-pressure.gif The status With Hypertension, as stated antecedently both the systolic and diastolic may be inveterate higher than 140/90mmHg or merely one of the measurings may be inveterate higher than the normal figure. Hypertension is split into 2 different blood force per unit area classs ; high blood pressure phase I and high blood pressure phase II. Phase I flatly has a systolic of between 140 and 159 with a diastolic of 90 to 99 while phase II is marked by a systolic reading of 160 or higher with a diastolic of 100 or more. There are 2 types of high blood pressure, the first is called indispensable high blood pressure and the second is called secondary high blood pressure. Essential or primary high blood pressure is high blood force per unit area with no identified cause while secondary high blood pressure is high blood force per unit area caused by another implicit in status or the medicine used to handle it. When sing the pathogenesis of primary high blood pressure, the alteration in systemic vascula ture could be as a consequence of continuously increased blood volume, cardiac end product or strictly due to sustained lift of the systemic vascular opposition. The increased opposition is as a consequence of a decrease in diameter of the lms and thickener of the walls of immune blood vass. Vascular tone is besides another factor to take into consideration when sing pathogenesis as surveies show that vascular endothelium of patients with high blood pressure produce really small azotic oxide. Nitric oxide is the organic structure ‘s natural vasodilative but due to the decrease in production the vascular smooth musculus becomes less sensitive to its activity. This deficiency of azotic oxide and desensitized smooth musculus coupled with increased production of endothelin can take to enhanced vasoconstriction of the vascular tissue. This vasoconstriction causes the arterial walls to go more stiff and to increase opposition to the flow of blood, which in bend causes the bosom to c rush more forcefully. The stiffening of the arterial walls besides leads to a wider pulsation which is a characteristic of stray systolic high blood pressure which is where the systolic reading is 140 but the diastolic reading is still below 90.blood_vessel.gif Causes Today, indispensable high blood pressure histories for more than 90 % of all high blood pressure related instances while secondary high blood pressure viz. accounts for the remainder. The cause of indispensable high blood pressure is unknown but there are 7 factors that could potentially be responsible for this type of blood force per unit area. These are a high salt diet, age, ethnicity such as African American, Renal inadequacy, weight jobs, genetic sciences and susceptibleness. Secondary high blood pressure is less common but is by and large a consequence of an implicit in status or due to medicine ; some implicit in causes include nephritic inadequacy, thyroid inadequacy, gestation, emphasis and many more. Nephritic arteria stricture is the narrowing of the nephritic arteria lms, this consequences in a decrease of force per unit area in the arteriola and a decrease in nephritic perfusion. This decrease in nephritic perfusion and bottleneck of the arteria stimulates the release of chymosin which increases the concentration of the endocrines angiotensin II and aldosterone. The addition in these endocrines consequences in the increased consumption of Na and H2O therefore increasing the blood volume taking to high blood pressure due to the Frank-Starling mechanism. The pathogenesis of hyperaldosteronism is similar to that of nephritic arteria stricture, as the increased secernment of aldosterone consequences in increased Na and H2O uptake therefore increasing the blood volume and cardiac end product. The Frank-Starling mechanism is physiologically involved in equilibrating the end product of the 2 ventricles of the bosom ; it is the Black Marias ability to alter its force of contraction therefore altering the shot volume as a response to alterations in the venous return. An illustration of this is an addition in end product of the right ventricle would take to an addition in the flow into the left ventricle. Without the Frank-Starling mechanism to respond to th e instability so a major malfunction would occur.primary hyperaldosteronism One of the most prevailing links with secondary high blood pressure in today ‘s society is stress. It acts as an indirect cause of the status by repeatedly exciting the sympathetic nervous system ; this overstimulation leads to big sums of vasoconstricting endocrines such as noradrenaline to be released. Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system due to emphasize besides increases the go arounding angiotonin II, antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone degrees. The changeless and perennial bottleneck of the arterias due to increased cardiac end product and vascular opposition elevates the blood force per unit area. On top of the sympathetic nervous system stimulation, emphasis besides stimulates the adrenal myelin to bring forth more catecholamines such as noradrenaline and adrenaline. It is the combination of increased catecholamines and angiotonin II that maintains the elevated blood force per unit area doing the high blood pressure. Conventional intervention To handle the status it is frequently necessary to look at the underlying cause if any and to seek dainty that where possible. For indispensable high blood pressure there is no identifiable cause so the intervention program is test and mistake, while with secondary high blood pressure ; the implicit in status that is seting emphasis on the bosom can be treated with the hopes that it will relieve the strain. There are 4 chief categories of antihypertensive drugs these are ; Diuretics, vasodilatives, sympathetic nervous system suppressers and rennin-angiotensin system drugs. Diuretic drugs such as Thiazides, K sparing and cringle are the chief types used in the intervention of high blood pressure. They are frequently called ‘water pills ‘ as they act on the kidneys to increase the riddance of Na and H2O from the organic structure in order to diminish blood volume. Vasodilators are another of import class of drugs in the intervention of high blood pressure as they help in the relaxation of the musculuss in the blood vass. Calcium channel adversaries ( blockers ) and potassium channel agonists are 2 chief illustrations of vasodilatives used to handle high blood pressure. The Ca channel blockers aid in the relaxation by barricading the Ca conductivity of L type Ca channels on vascular smooth musculus. K+ channel agonists on the other manus do local relaxation of smooth musculus by increasing the permeableness of the membrane to K+ ions. The activation of K ions switches off the Ca channels therefore halting the production of action potencies. Alpha and beta blockers/ adversaries are 2 chief sympathetic nervous system suppressers or peripheral sympatholytic drugs used in the intervention of high blood pressure. The alpha adversary blocks the alpha receptors in the smooth musculus of peripheral arterias which blocks the mechanism of contraction through the IP3 signal transduction tract therefore cut downing the blood force per unit area. The beta antagonists nevertheless, merely act on cut downing the cardiac end product and are found to be non so effectual on their ain and so they are by and large prescribed with the usage of water pills like the Thiazides. Alpha agonists are the 3rd type of sympathetic nervous system suppresser or centrally acting sympatholytic drugs, they block the sympathetic activity of the encephalon by adhering to the alpha 2 receptor and triping it. This activation of the alpha 2 receptor reduces the escape to the bosom therefore diminishing the cardiac end product, bosom rate and contraction. By an d large the alpha agonists are prescribed in concurrence with water pills due to the drugs unstable accretion side effects which when left untreated can take to cell hydrops. The last class of drugs used to handle high blood pressure is the Renin-angiotensin targeting drugs. The 2 chief aiming drugs used are ACE inhibitors and angiotonin II receptor adversaries. ACE inhibitors or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors ; barricade the enzyme from bring forthing angiotonin II which is responsible for the narrowing of blood vass and stimulation of endocrines that raise blood force per unit area. By barricading this enzyme, the blood vass remain relaxed and blood force per unit area remains normal. On the other manus, the angiotonin II receptor adversaries block the action of angiotonin non the formation therefore the blood vass remain relaxed. Herbal and complementary intervention In today ‘s medical universe, diet and exercising are the best recommended interventions where possible or when medicine can be avoided. Simple things such as to discontinue smoke, exerting for 30 proceedingss a twenty-four hours, restricting salt and intoxicant consumption, eating a bosom healthy diet and cut downing emphasis are all things that could dramatically take down blood force per unit area. Addendums in the diet are another friendly manner of lower blood force per unit area, addendums such as omega3 fish and pod liver oils, coenzyme Q10, ALA, Allium sativum, Ca and chocolate are all indicated for the intervention of high blood pressure. Where addendums and diet do n’t hold the desired efficaciousness, herbs can assist hike the effects or can even be used in concurrence with prescribed anti-hypertensive medicines. How to cite Hypertension Causes And Treatments Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Comparative Cost of Food and Beverages †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Comparative Cost of Food and Beverages. Answer: Introduction: FoodByUs launched in Sydney in 2013 for the purpose of providing online food services to the local people in their community. Company is working as an online middleman for the person living in Australia. FoodByUs provides good quality homemade food products to the customers at low price (Timeout, 2018). Basically it is an electronic food sharing platform. They delivered the product sometimes for a cost and sometimes free at their door step and offering a wide range of varieties in food from cakes to curries and more. The aim of the company is to give people the chance to sell their amazing homemade food as well as giving buyer the chance to have an authentic experience of homemade food. The supply depends on the demand of product in the economy (Startup Smart, 2018). They are providing the opportunities for those people who love to cook food and who are passionate for cooking. They are providing employment to many people with the flexibility of working part time or full time. In this type of market there exists consumer sovereignty that means government will not decide the consumption of goods and services; consumer will himself decide about it (Larder, Lyons and Woolcock, 2014). The supply and demand concept is always applied in the economy as it is one of the fundamental concepts. As the law of demand states that consumer will buy more of a commodity only when its price is low and vice versa. The law of demand operates here also as FoodByUs is providing low cost products to its customers. Similarly seller prefer to sell their goods at a higher price so that they can earn higher amount of profit as law of supply states that as price increases quantity supplied also increases and vice versa(Trostle, 2010). Price is decided in the market on the basis of the market forces that is demand and supply. Elasticity is also dependent on the price and quantity factor. There is an intense competition in the online food delivery market. There exists large number of sellers in the market and offering the variety of services and products with innovative ideas. FoodByUs also has many competitors like Foodara, UberEats etc. FoodByUs has not only affected the online food services but also affected the restaurants profitability and earnings. Due to competition restaurants keep their cost as low as possible giving discounts and rebates. However, due to heavy discounts, restaurants have to decrease the quantity and they are compromising with the quality of their food well as (Ferguson, O'dea, Chatfield, Moodi, Altman, and Brimblecombe, 2016). Online consumer rating provides a good basis to the customers to select good restaurants. Consumers rely on ratings given to these online food delivery companies. Quality control standards are maintained to have a good relation between the consumer and the seller. FoodByUs provides the homemade food to the people and works as a linking pin between them. The ratings of FoodByUs are high which signifies that good quality food is being delivered to the customers. FoodByUs provides a platform where cooking turns into dollars and people have to work according to their convenience and people need not be professional. This type of online chains provides employment to the people in Sydney as they can do this work from home and this business does not require a huge amount of investment to start. In this form of business there are less chances of downfall in the market as people will not stop the consumption of food. The growth rate i.e. GDP of country increases because of this type of food chains in country. Earnings of the individual worker are increasing so ultimately it will increase the growth of the country (Lee, Kane, Ramsey, Good, and Dick, 2016). Shared economy gives rise to the independent workers in the country and these are called freelancers. These freelancers are free from the tax liability up to an extent so it is an extra benefit to them. These virtual labours are skilled and they are doing this work because they are passionate towar ds cooking. These workers are not dependent on the MNCs for the jobs (Morgan and Kuch, 2015). As they are operating in the market where the marketers are playing online and dealing in goods and services through apps and fulfilling the demands of public. The supply of goods also depends on the needs and wants of the consumers. This online food industry provides employment to many people to earn their livelihood and increase their standard of living. Sharing economy is considered to be less harmful as compared to the other commercial units. They offer the worker the suitable timings for their workings. It increases the personal well-being of an individual and increases the earnings in the economy (Belk, 2014). FoodByUs tries to provide better deliveries to its customers. The platform also offers a GPS tracking system for deliveries and mobile ordering along with an integrated payment system. Allocation of resource become simple in shared economy as there is less wastage of resources and workers try to utilise the resources to the best (Verghese, Lewis, Lockrey, and Williams, 2015). Sharing economy reduces the entry barriers for the firms. Workers only have to concentrate on making the food and all the logistics, marketing and payment work are done by the company. Resources are utilised efficiently and effectively in shared economy so that overhead cost could be reduced. In this type of business, requirement of capital and investment is too low (Heikkurinen, and Forsman?Hugg, 2011). Consumers have perfect knowledge of the market and products offered by marketeers. Consumers have the right to choose individually which goods and services they have to choose and reject. Marketers have control over the prices of the product as they are the price maker of their product. According the founder of the FoodByUs, the company can expand and make more money in the market. But in this type of market the resources are highly mobile. They can easily move from one place to another if they find higher pay from the other company so it will be a risk for a company. In this online food market, makers are those people who love to make food and do this work as side business to earn more revenues. These makers can also include retirees, housewives and a person wanting a career change (Ghonkrokta, 2017). FoodByUs is running on the concept of love your passion not your boss. Workers are free to work as per their convenience. Labour gets the payment for delivering only quality food to the customers. FoodByUs provides a unique range of variety of its products which others are not offering. As an intermediary, FoodByUs is responsible for providing the good quality products and services (Cahuc, Carcillo, and Zylberberg, 2014). FoodByUs is providing an adequate amount of wages to its labour. FoodByUs working as a middleman for buyer and makers, so company collects charges from both the parties. But in some cases labour is not getting paid satisfactorily as they want. According to rules and regulations, if labour is working more than 40 hours week, an overtime should be given to them (Anleu, and Mack, 2005). In sharing economy, the labour is paid according to quantity produced. In sharing economy, labour of FoodByUs can easily charge the high fee and in a position to negotiate the amount as there are few sellers available in the market. They are not the permanent employees and they are free from the threat of being fired as they are free to move to other place whenever they want and can showcase their talent there. In the online delivery of food market, the elasticity of wages is imperfectly elastic as compared to wage rate if the labour choice is heterogeneous then the elasticity of wages will be low that means labour is offered to work at low rates and vice versa. From the above discussion, we can conclude that the FoodByUs is providing an online homemade food delivery to the people of Sydney and now it wants to expand to Melbourne also. Company is providing a good quality homemade food items to the people and offering them a variety of food. FoodByUs prefers to use the concept of customization in its activities. The market is quite monopoly in its nature. Talking about its competitors, company is becoming the leader in its industry as others like foodara are striving for this position. Prices of homemade food are fixed by the labour. Labour has monopoly over the market as they can shift from one place to another where they are getting the handsome amount. This type of company increases the employment opportunities for those who love to make food and for those also who are unemployed and searching for the job positions. These sharing economies make people independent. References: Startup Smart, (2018). Menulog co-founder launches new startup FoodByUs with $2 million in funding to bring the sharing economy to home cooking [online]. Available at: https://www.smartcompany.com.au/startupsmart/advice/startupsmart-funding/menulog-co-founder-launches-new-sydney-startup-foodbyus-with-2-million-in-funding-to-bring-the-sharing-economy-to-home-cooking[ACCESSED ON 27th march 2018] Morgan, B. and Kuch, D., 2015. Radical transactionalism: legal consciousness, diverse economies, and the sharing economy.Journal of Law and Society,42(4), pp.556-587. Verghese, K., Lewis, H., Lockrey, S. and Williams, H., 2015. Packaging's role in minimizing food loss and waste across the supply chain.Packaging Technology and Science,28(7), pp.603-620. Larder, N., Lyons, K. and Woolcock, G., 2014. Enacting food sovereignty: values and meanings in the act of domestic food production in urban Australia.Local Environment,19(1), pp.56-76. Cahuc, P., Carcillo, S. and Zylberberg, A., 2014.Labor economics. MIT press. Heikkurinen, P. and Forsman?Hugg, S., 2011. Strategic corporate responsibility in the food chain.Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management,18(5), pp.306-316. Trostle, R., 2010.Global agricultural supply and demand: factors contributing to the recent increase in food commodity prices (rev. DIANE Publishing. Belk, R., 2014. You are what you can access: Sharing and collaborative consumption online.Journal of Business Research,67(8), pp.1595-1600. Ghonkrokta, S.S., 2017.Science and Strategies for Safe Food. CRC Press. Anleu, S.R. and Mack, K., 2005. Magistrates' everyday work and emotional labour.Journal of Law and Society,32(4), pp.590-614. Ferguson, M., O'dea, K., Chatfield, M., Moodie, M., Altman, J. and Brimblecombe, J., 2016. The comparative cost of food and beverages at remote Indigenous communities, Northern Territory, Australia.Australian and New Zealand journal of public health,40(S1). Lee, A.J., Kane, S., Ramsey, R., Good, E. and Dick, M., 2016. Testing the price and affordability of healthy and current (unhealthy) diets and the potential impacts of policy change in Australia.BMC Public Health,16(1), p.315. Kadiyala, S., Harris, J., Headey, D., Yosef, S. and Gillespie, S., 2014. Agriculture and nutrition in India: mapping evidence to pathways.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences,1331(1), pp.43-56. Timeout, (2018). You can now order home-cooked meals with this new food delivery site [online]. Available at: https://www.timeout.com/melbourne/blog/you-can-now-order-home-cooked-meals-with-this-new-food-delivery-site-120116 [ACCESSED ON 27th march 2018].

Music Company With The Changing Economic

Question: Describe about the Music Company With The Changing Economic? Answer: Introduction The case study is about a Music Company With The Changing Economic, social, political and technological changes has faced crisis situation and now is aiming to revamp its whole structure and open new stores across the nations. HMV Retail Ltd was one of oldest retail company founded in 1921 in London, UK. However with the growing influence on external political, environmental, social and technological factors it was on the verge of collapsing but however as saved by the HILCO Company it now aims at restructuring itself by using these very factors which would now be in favor of these. PEST analysis for HMV The impact of the external factors has been ignored by this music company over a period of time. But now they have realized how important it is to analyze their situation of the company and design in accordance with PEST analysis. PEST is one of the most important marketing models. It covers the political, economic, social as well as technological aspects that need to be kept in mind while chalking out a market strategy for a company. It is used for scanning the environment, to see and assess the competitors and by reviewing all this, ultimately make them better and stable for the market. There are many synonyms uses for PEST such as PEST, PESTEL, STEEPEL, SLEPT etc. The aim of this analysis is to go deep and understand the root of the problem and try to so as to why a problematic situation has arisen and how can it be solved. Political: This external factor plays a very important role in the business situation. The varying political factor of the country i.e. if the country is facing a political crisis or there are new laws, all these contribute to the marketing of the country. In HMV we notice that being it was initially a music store where carious CDs and other things we sold. But due to various legislations that have evolved over time, that is has acted as a barrier in the working f the company. For e.g. Countries have banned using social networking and other sites which might be a loss for HMV as well. HMV has been left with only 285 locations, in Ireland and United Kingdom, with some stores in Hong Kong, Canada and Singapore. The political legislations passed in these countries affect the local and international markets of HMV. Success is only seen in Canada as Hong Kong and Singapore having capitalist economies and developed, HMV has not be able to sustain in these places and due to other factors their other outlets in places like China and USA have been shut down. Economic: The economic situation of a country has to be stable so the various chains of companies functions smoothly. Economic factor however did not work well for HMV as many times the country has witnessed an economic depression. This meant that the people wanted to refrain themselves from spending as far as possible which meant that CDs being not important in the priority list unless you are a diehard fan, people would not send on these unnecessary areas as it would increase their expenditure. In 2011, as there was a rise in the taxation by 20%, it hit the customers hard as they could not spend on unnecessary items. In 2009, it is seen that there was a massive upscale in unemployment and further rose in 2010 and as a result there were factors which we conflicting in the industrial sector. People had less to spend due to tight budget. Social: It is expected that there will be fall in the sales of CDs and DVDS by 10% and 5% respectively as the people are option for streaming downloading now. However the company has introduced now the super audio CDs to tackle this situation. It is noticed that music has become a very important part of our lives. It is seen that a considerable amount is spent on music by an average person now. Books are now replaced by laptops and computers and DVD and CDs are now being used for facilitating teaching. MP3 players and computers or laptops are now used as alternatives for these DVDs and CDs as they have more storage space. Technological: HMV has technological advancements which have helped them stay in the retail market till now. It has now launched a social networking site called Get Closer which is giving competition to other online libraries of music. It can now synchronized with iTunes which is an advantage, By introducing various new methods like pay and play any games, HMV is trying to come up in the marketing world. Job Description Marketing directors are one of the highest posts in any company. A marketing director works on the upper executive authorities. Their main job is to supervise the administrations related to the marketing of the product the company sells across the borders covering a wide range of activities like advertising of the products and also find ways for selling it in the international market. They are also entrusted with responsibility of initiating strategic plans for a company and correct strategies which would work in the favor of this music retail chain as it would increase the selling of the products. Their main goal is to coordinate the marketing departments set across the various countries. According to the PEST analysis we have covered the director is to develop plans to revamp the situations in Singapore Hong Kong and other countries mentioned that have shut down where the sale of the products are very sloppy. Also he has to develop such plans using the technologies and schemes so t hat this industry can stand in competition with the other leading industries. Person Specification A marketing director required for this company should have a qualified degree along with some experience in the marketing fields as HRM needs personnels to market their products and start from the scratch. A person should have some technical and economical knowledge of the prevailing conditions n the country and should know they should be tackled. They should be young with new innovative ideas so that there is an expansion of their market. They should also have stable background and experience of working with other well known companies. The person who has idea about the need of the hour and has excellent reading and writing skills along with ability to connect and communicate properly with the other departments as well so that the company does not collapse due to a dysfunctional system. As the PEST analysis suggests a strong would be required to keep the company close and maintained. Job advertisement The job advertisement should be like Marketing Director required in HRM Retail Ltd. Young and experienced persons with graduate degrees are eligible to apply for the job. A background check of the company is a must in order to understand it current structure. A person should have innovative idea so as to compete blatantly with the economic, social and technological spheres as opposed to the other companies in market. Selection strategy For identifying and picking out the best candidates one first needs out the back logs which the company has been facing. The company has been facing many back logs if we go to analyze the PEST content thus we first need to point out the areas where the company was lagging behind and how the company needs to buckle up by choosing appropriate candidates with proper selection methods so as to choose the right person who identify these problems and work towards achieving the developmental goals assigned by the company. After scrutinizing and covering all the aspects of the PEST analysis, three reasons have been identified for the failure of this music retail industry. The reasons being: The authorities leading the company had failed to recognize the overwhelming importance of online business cropping up now. They did not realize that ignoring the online aspect as a whole would lead to the downfall of the company. When they realized it was too late as a lot of competition had already emerged in the market scenario. It would take another set of years for the company to stand on its own field. Thus a person who could propose proper short term stability programs which would bring the company back on the line would be hired. However the plan would be thoroughly assed and put into practice first to judge it viability. Over the last ten years the banks have been constantly putting in money into the company as they are hoping to drive out profit in the long run by giving debts to HMV. However they fail to realize that the debt of the company has been increasing and the profits margins have constantly being decreasing. This shows that the new marketing director should be able to cope up with this crisis situation immediately and in affective suitable manner. Finally the brand loyalty stopped having an impact on the people. The consumers were attracted to the company due to its brand name and loyalty. But after the decreasing importance of the DVDs and CDs in the market the customers were not attracted somewhere else i.e. the new methods of downloading and streamlines were had given a tough competition and almost thrown out HMV from the market. However the aim to appoint the new marketing director is to get back this retail outlet again in market by applying the new technologies so that they can compete with the online music libraries which were available on the internet. Thus the main job of the marketing director would be getting the company back to its toes. However for fulfilling all the criteria one must select the right directors so that the company is motivated in achieving its desired goals. The marketing director of the company would first has to undergo a written exam consisting of a set of questions which they have to answer precisely and which is the better than the rest of the answers this would extract the creamy layer from the whole lot of applicants that have arrived. This questioned based exam does 70% of the job in selecting the candidates as the questions cover a wide range of topics that is covered at one go. The way a person answers tells a lot about the personality traits which would help to judge whether the person is eligible for a job. The question pattern is set up in such a way, that it is only exclusive for selecting candidates for HMV and it has been the best way by which they have been selecting their candidates and now their managing director. The questions cover a wide range of issues starting with test of aptitude, writing and analyzing skills, test of the basic knowledge skills of the current social, technological, political and economic scenarios prevailing in the country. The question pattern as seen earlier was for selecting the candidates for higher administrative positions in the company. The question pattern was like: The person would be given a situation a he/would be required to analyze it in a proper manner. However a person cannot jump to a conclusion as proper judgment and thorough study of the report provided was very essential. Accordingly, depending on the questions marks were allotted for each answer. Candidates were asked questions like reasons for declining of the music retail stores along with their factors. The candidates were required to make a thorough assessment of the situation. The loophole which distinguishes the people with higher ability was that, people having proper knowledge and experience gave a backdrop and also gave an account of the impact of things like cost revenue etc. thus they were put on the higher scale than the others. They were asked how they could bring about a change in the company in response to the marketing strategies. Precise and to the point analysis was required. The able candidates would identify proper economic factors like price matching in terms of competitiveness in HMV Company. In such a way candidates were given sets of issues covering a wide range of information related to the PEST analysis like what measures the company should take to gain loyalty of the customers (social aspect) or how could they increase their turn over by using new techniques (economic and technological aspects). After getting thoroughly grilled by the question only a handful candidates are eligible for the personal interview after that where the head of the companies have a direct contact with the persons and judge their personal traits and skills accordingly on the basis of the marks scored combined with the performance in the interview one gets through the position. However all the procedures are easier said than done. A person with intelligence, high marketing strategically plans with good balance and success sheet of the past is hired as the marketing director for HMV Retail Ltd. References Abhishek Gupta. (2013). Environment PEST Analysis: An Approach to External Business Environment. International Journal of Modern Social Sciences. 2 (1), 34-43.Adeoye, Abayomi Olarewaju Elegunde, Ayobami Folarin. (2012). Impacts of External Business Environment on Organisational Performance in the Food and Beverage Industry in Nigeria.. British Journal of Arts and Social Sciences. 6 (2).Alex Stevenson. (2013). Where will they buy their box sets now? HMV collapse dismays politicians. Available: https://www.politics.co.uk/news/2013/01/15/where-will-they-buy-their-box-sets-now-hmv-collapse-dismays. Last accessed 12th May 2015.Annmarie Hanlon. (.). Using the PESTLE analysis mode. Available: https://www.smartinsights.com/marketing-planning/marketing-models/pestle-analysis-model/. Last accessed 12th May 2015... (2004). Case Study: HMVs hiring is top of the pops. Available: https://www.hrzone.com/lead/strategy/case-study-hmvs-hiring-is-top-of-the-pops. Last accessed 12th May 2015.Craig Le G rice. (2013). the high street needs to innovate or die. Available: https://econsultancy.com/blog/61903-the-high-street-needs-to-innovate-or-die/. Last accessed 12th May 2015.Dimitrios Nikolaou Koumparoulis. (2013). PEST Analysis: The case of E-shop. International Journal of Economy, Management and Social Sciences. .., 31-36.... HMV Solutions. Available: https://jhsyn7.wix.com/ray#!strategy-4. Last accessed 12th May 2015... (2014). HMV stages 17m comeback. Available: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/epic/hmv/. Last accessed 12th May 2015.John Ryan. (2012). Analysis: How can HMV heal its trading wounds? Available: https://www.retail-week.com/analysis-how-can-hmv-heal-its-trading-wounds/5044185.article. Last accessed 12th May 2015..... Marketing Director: Job Description Requirements. Available: https://study.com/articles/Marketing_Director_Job_Description_and_Requirements_for_Becoming_a_Marketing_Director.html. Last accessed 12th May 2015..... Market environment of HM V and business overview. Available: https://www.ukessays.com/essays/marketing/market-environment-of-hmv-and-business-overview-marketing-essay.php. Last accessed 12th May 2015..... PERSON SPECIFICATION CHIEF EXECUTIVE. Available: https://www.charnwood.gov.uk/files/documents/chief_executive_person_spec/CX%20Person%20Spec%20-%20revised%20April%202010%20%282%29.pdf. Last accessed 12th May 2015.. (2013). PESTLE Analysis. Available: https://www.free-management-ebooks.com/dldebk-pdf/fme-pestle-analysis.pdf. Last accessed 14th May... (2008). Report on the Examination. Available: https://217.199.163.152/Exam_Papers/site/read_pdf.php?f=/A%20Level/Applied%20Business/AQA/2008%20Jan/AQA-BS11-WRE-JAN08.PDF. Last accessed 12th May 2015..... Selecting the best person for the job. Available: https://www.cliffsnotes.com/more-subjects/principles-of-management/staffing-and-human-resource-management/selecting-the-best-person-for-the-job. Last accessed 12th May 2015... (2013). Why did HMV fail? Availabl e: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/jan/15/why-did-hmv-fail. Last accessed 12th May 2015.