Raising Gasoline Price and Oil Spill - 1100 Words

Raising Gasoline Price and Oil Spill (Essay Sample) Content: Raising the Price of Its Gasoline to Cover the Costs of a Huge Oil SpillNameInstitution: Raising Gasoline Price to Cover the Costs of a Huge Oil Spill Introduction In the oil industry, most of the basic oil byproducts such as gasoline are a result of refined crude oil. Consequently, the profits earned by oil companies also depend on the amount of crude oil mined and the costs incurred during extraction and refinery of the oil. In this case, oil companies have to ensure that they incur minimum cost in order to earn maximum profits. In the recent years most oil companies have suffered huge losses due to costs incurred as a result of oil spills. In this case, the best options to counter the costs would be prevention of further oil mining or increase in the price of the available oil stocks. One of the byproducts of crude oil that is widely used and could earn huge profits for an oil company is gasoline. However, increasing the price of gasoline would also have negativ e implications on the company. Hence a company should not increase the price of gasoline after experiencing an oil spill since the company may end up jeopardizing its position in the market.Background During the 2010 BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico it was estimated that 210000 gallons of oil were spilling daily. This translated to a daily loss of 430,000 dollars for the company while excluding losses that would be incurred in cleaning up the oil spill. Out of the 210000 gallons of oil lost daily 115000 gallons consisted of gasoline. In this case, the losses incurred were huge which lead to an increase in the price of oil by $3 per barrel (Wesley, 2012). However based on the high costs incurred daily due to the spill, halting the oil extraction process and sealing the leakage would have prevented more losses regardless of whether the price of oil was increased immediately. In this case, with regards to Exxon Mobil the oil company is also likely to face a similar situation in the e vent of an oil spill. Concept Pros Since the oil market is influenced by suppliers a company would risk being disadvantaged if it raised its oil price independently. For instance, the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries which is the most significant oil trade organization requires a minimum of price 100 dollars per oil barrel (Konrad, 2012). In this case, since oil trade organizations can set the minimum price sale for a barrel of oil they can also restrict unwarranted increase of oil prices. In this case, it would not be advisable for Exxon Mobil to increase its oil prices. Despite the fact that elasticity of demand for oil is low the supply of oil can be highly influenced by oil trade organizations. Consequently, if Exxon Mobil raises the price of gasoline other oil refiners may maintain the same prices for their products which would increase their supply. Hence Exxon Mobil would be in a difficult position to break into the supply chain. This is due to the fact tha t individuals supplying the Exxon Mobil gasoline would be prompted to incur high costs of supplying unlike suppliers of rival refiners. As a result, Exxon Mobil would end up losing out on the profits since suppliers of Exxon Mobil products may end up demanding compensation for high cost of supplying. Similarly, the supply of oil and its price are also influenced by the politics. This is due to the fact that the sale and purchase of oil within a country has a huge influence on the international trade of the country (Konrad, 2012). In this case, if an oil company such as Exxon Mobil may raise its gasoline prices due to an oil spill, the company may end up facing a lot of political resistance. Based on the degrading environmental effects of oil spills, the company may risk being branded to be profit oriented as opposed to conserving the environment. As a result increase in prices may end up not being effective. Consequently, the low price elasticity of demand for gasoline is based on t he fact that consumers demand more gasoline than the gasoline produced. However, this is due to the fact that oil production is regulated by oil trade organizations in order to avoid overproduction of gasoline and other crude oil by products (Konrad, 2012). In this case, an increase in the price of gasoline by Exxon Mobil may coincide with an increase in production levels set by the oil trade organizations. In this case, the competing oil refiners may be given the mandate to mine more crude oil which would result to an increase in the production of oil. This may lead to an increase in the supply of oil and hence the high demand for oil would be catered for. Consequently, if the consumers realize that there is adequate gasoline in the market the consumers would end up searching for the best price deals. As a result, consumers would end up avoiding the gasoline sold by Exxon Mobil since it would be more expensive.Opposing Points of View On the other hand, in order to recover the loss that arises as a result of oil spills a company should be in a position to recover the costs incurred. In this case, most oil companies should exploit the fact that the current oil market is influenced more by d...

Investment and future profits for companies - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1032 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Investment is the use of capital in a particular activity in order to achieve a future profit and therefore the assessment of investment to the investor based on a comparison of the expected returns of the investment with the cost of funds invested. To study the investment options to be decision-makers (the investor) analysis of the characteristics and components of each alternative and of the following elements: 1-Cost of the investment. 2-period of investment. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Investment and future profits for companies" essay for you Create order 3-Flows generated from investing in a lifetime investor. Thus, the investment will be economically viable if the total of cash flows achieved during the investment is higher than the cost of the investment by the victimized. There are many criteria, indicators as tools used trade-off between investment alternatives and the investor can resort to a single criterion or set of standards, which depend on the decision to accept or reject the investment value of the index used, and the most important of these indicators: Investments ratios: There are different ratios designed to assistant investors for assess the returns on the investments .which divided into 4 ratios: 1- Dividend payout ratio. 2-Dividend yield ratio. 3-Earnings per share. 4-Price-earnings ratio. In addition to above, there are some methods used as tools to evaluate investments. There are four methods used by investors to evaluate investment in the company that are: 1-accounting rate of return (ARR) 2-payback period (PP) 3-net present value (NPV) 4-internal rate of return (IRR) This research will focus on the most important 2 ratios, which are: 1- Earnings per share and dividend per share ratio. 2-return on equity. Especially with many problems and disadvantages related to others methods such as: 1-problems with ARR: With used ARR, it almost completely ignores the time factor.- ARR create problems when considering competing investments of different size.- -ARR use of accounting profit. However, cas h flows rather than accounting profits are Important. 2-problems with PP: PP is not concerned with the profitability of projects but with payback period. -ignore cash flows which arising beyond the payback period. Avoid the practical problems of forecasting cash flows over a long period.- Does not provide a means of dealing with the problems of risk and uncertainty. So, why NPV is superior to ARR and PP? Because NPV fully takes account of each of the following: 1-the timing of the cash flows. 2-the whole of the relevant cash flows. 3-the objective of the business. Why NPV? Because it is provide different important points helps investor to assess dictions investments which are: 1-considers all of the costs and benefits for investment opportunity. 2-makes a logical allowance for the timing of this cost and benefit. 3-related directly to shareholders wealth objective. RAM Holding: Rate of Return on Invested Capital: 1- And can be calculated in many different ways as follows: Rate of return on equity = profit after interest and dividend preference shares / ordinary share capital + reserves. Profit after interest and dividends/ Rate of Return on Invested Capital = share capital + share premium account + share option reserve + revaluation reserve For 2010 : profit for 9 months 2010 = (56,265-19,022) / (672+351,578+61,474) =37243/413724=0.09 2009 = (40,439-28,961) / (672+351,578+61,474-155) =11478/413569=0.03 2008= (43,592 26,383) /(672+35,578+61,474 285)=17209/97439=0.18 2007=( 35,250 18,547 ) /(672+351,578+61,474 214)=16703/413510=0.04 2006= (48,156 -12,367) /(695+449,195+61,474 544)=35789/510820=0.07 The profit after tax is the most accurate because the administration is seeking to reduce the tax, however, some of the allocations of deferred taxes may be subject to the rule of personal, so, and the rate of profit before tax is more objective. There is another rate of return on invested capital is: Overall yield = Operating profit / capital + reserves + Loan Operating profit/capital shares + reserves + loans overall yield= 2010 =72,713/ (672+351,578+61,474+0) =72,713/413724=O.18 2009 =45,614/ (672+351,578+61,474-155+0) =45,614/413569=O.11 2008=59,943/ (672+35,578+61,474 285 + 0) =59,943/97439=0.62 2007=39,694/(672+351,578+61,474 214 +0)=39,694/413510=0.096 2006=49,248/(695+449,195+61,474 544+0)=49,248/510820=0.096 Earnings per share EPS: 2- EPS is used as a measure of profitability and thus the increase in earnings per share is a good sign is also used to calculate the earnings per share relationship between profitability and share price, known as multiplier profitability. Earnings per share = Earnings available to Ordinary Shareholders / Number of Ordinary Shares. For 2010:Earning for 9 months Earnings per share 2010=56,265/1,348,277,000=4.3 2009=40,439/1,344,055,696 =3.11 1,344,055,696=3.39 43,592/ 2008= 2007= 35,250 /1,344,055,696 =2.59 2006= 48,156 / 1,389,907,834 =3.43 Determinants of earnings per share: 1 The case of high prices increase: the profitability of the shares increase when profit increase. 2- Earning per share based on the earnings number is a measure influenced by the elements affected by the decision profit such as depreciation. 3 You should not use profits as a measure of a single level of performance. 4 Cannot use earnings per share basis for comparison between companies because the number of shares issued to each company is not linked to capital invested. 5 The earnings per share represent the historical value, although used to prepare the outlook for the profitability ratio multiplier. EPS related the earning generated by the business and available the shareholders during a period to the number of shares in issues. The trend in EPS over time is used to help assess the investment potential of a businesss shares. Per share dividend: = Dividend Number of Shares. PSD For 2010 : dividend for 9 months 2010 =19,022/1,348,277,000 =1,4 2009 =28,961/1,344,055,696 =2.42 2008= 26,383 / 1,344,055,696 =2.20 2007= 18,547/ 1,344,055,696 =2.00 2006= 12,367 /1,389,907,834 =1.00 Linking with the payback through which the investor can determine the period of recovery of initial investment by the company and the less period is the better for the investor. To emphasize the relationship between returns and risks for the investor positive relationship. The Authorized share capital of the company is 2,200,000,000 ordinary shares of O.O5 pence each Buyback programme in July 2005 Main competitor: Intel Accounting Policies: The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S Generally Accepted Accounting PrinciplesGAAB. Report Accounting Standards: -In June 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board FASB issued new standards for the accounting for transfers of financial assets and are effective for Intel in the first quarter of 2010 beside many adoption in standards from FASB and some of them effected to Intel and other will effect in 2011. Products depend on market share in 2009 Main Microprocessors Chipsets Motherboards Platforms ARM Holding The consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards IFRS as adopted by the EU (UK GAAB for the company) and from 2006 the company applicable reporting under IFRS. Summary of accounting policies: IFRS 8Operating Segments IFRS 7 Financial instruments: Disclosures IFRS 2 Share-based payments Products depend on market share in 2009 Main Mobile Phones = 75 % market share. Hard Disk Drives = 65% market share. Digital TVs and Mobile computers = 25% market share. Microcontrollers Microprocessors= 5 % market share.

Rosa Lee Story - 866 Words

The Rosa lee story Rosa Lee gave dash full access to her and her family life for four years, because she thought someone could learn from it. Rosa was born in Washington and was living a low class life, and often looked down up on for it . Rosa lee was brought up in a single parent house hold and when she entered jr. high her dad died. Rosa mom often struggled to take care of her and her siblings. Her mother gave birth to twenty-two kids, but only eleven survived. Rosa and her mom never saw eye to eye and when she got pregnant at the age of thirteen it didn’t make their relationship any better. At the age of fourteen she had her first prostitution experience for five dollars, she told her customers at work that if they were†¦show more content†¦They had honest jobs like bus driving and had their own cab services. Her brother and sister choose a different path because they seen and knew the struggle that their mom and sister Rosa had to deal with. Seeing Rosa life its self made you want to do right. Eight kids, having to steal, selling and using drugs and being back and forth in jail made you want to do right. Rosa didn’t start selling drugs with the intent to use them, it just happened, she thought selling marijuana and heroin was a quick way to get money and keep her welfare, but when she started she couldn’t quit she was using two fourty dollar bags a day. She said that when she used the drug it gave her courage. Rosa could do and say anything when she was high. Rosa and her siblings used drugs and broke the law because they were not taught any right from wrong . They had such a rough childhood and at this time they didn’t know any better, they were young when they started. Even Rosa kids started taking different paths at very young ages. They didn’t go to school because she didn’t make them. Rosa did drugs in front of her kids and it made them want it. Her one and only daughter Patty started using drugs at the age of thirteen and was rapped several times by relatives while Rosa was incarcerated, which is why she said she hated males and on top of that she was prostituted by her mom. Her son Ronnie started using drugs at the age of fifteen,Show MoreRelatedFighting For Equal Right Essays754 Words   |  4 Pagesfor white to treat black drastically. Resentment slowly grew among members. In 1950s to 1970s, many different activist sparked a Civil Right Movement. The activist who participates in the ignition of the civil right movement are Rosa Park, Emmett Hill, and Harper Lee, their contribution had unleashed the long suppressed hate within the people, and their effort also builded a strong bond between each other. He was the most beautiful baby in this world. Mamie said. Emmett Till was an innocentRead MoreAnalysis Of Rosa Parks, An African American Activist For Racial Equality1342 Words   |  6 PagesAnother Aspect of Education â€Å"Racism is still with us. But it is up to us to prepare our children for what they have to meet, and, hopefully, we shall overcome† (Rosa Parks). Rosa Parks, an African American activist for racial equality, stated this in hopes that older generations will teach equality to the younger people of American society. Racial discrimination is commonly thought of as a historic issue that has been largely resolved in today’s day and age. Since slavery was abolished in theRead MoreTo Kill a Mocking Bird Is a Relevant Novel Essay842 Words   |  4 Pagessociety at large. To Kill A Mocking Bird was written during the time of the Civil Rights Movement. It reflects on an important part of history and exposes practices that young people may not be familiar with. For example, â€Å"The Rosa Parks story†, As a Member of the NAACP, Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat at the front of the colored section of a bus to a white passenger. She was then arrested and the Mo ntgomery black community launched a bus boycott, which lasted over a year, until the busesRead MoreRosa Lee Essay3975 Words   |  16 PagesNAME (primary client): Rosa Lee Cunningham DATE OF BIRTH: October 7, 1936 CHRONOLOGICAL AGE: 52 SEX: Female ADDRESS: FUNDING SOURCE: DATE OF REPORT: 3/14/2012 Identifying Information: Rosa Lee is a feisty African American female who grew up poor on the fringes of a Capitol Hill neighborhood. Her parents were sharecroppers who had migrated to the city. Rosa Lee had eight children, six boys and two girls, over an 11 year stretch; she was 14 years old when sheRead MoreRosa Parks, the Mother of Civil Rights1060 Words   |  5 PagesRosa Parks was an African American woman who was brave enough to stand up to the whites. Even though she went to jail for what she did, she believes she did the right thing. What Rosa had done on the bus started boycotts and created more and more activists. People wonder if Rosa Parks was raised to stand up for herself or if she was supposed to stay quiet. Looking at Rosa’s life and what happened on the bus and beyond, it can be concluded that she was taught to take pride in her race. Rosa (McCauley)Read MoreThe Courage Of Rosa Parks1566 Words   |  7 PagesRoxanne Williams Prof. Lobito Enc. 1101 April 19, 2016 The Courage of Rosa Parks ‘’Each person must live their life as a model for others.’’ (Rosa Parks) Rosa Parks was tired of the way African Americans were poorly treated. She took a stand by not obeying a demand to give up her seat to a white passenger on a Montgomery bus. Because of her bold action she became a model to millions. Parks was an African American woman who became known for her bravery, which helped to change the nation. ‘’ParksRead MorePrejudice And Prejudice By Harper Lee1254 Words   |  6 Pagesspecific situation. In many cases, prejudice is being unethical and showing a biased opinion toward a person’s race, age, disability, ethnicity, and etc†¦ In To Kill A Mockingbird, Harper Lee purposely characterizes the idea of prejudice as a common topic that is responsible for social injustice and racial inequality. Lee illustrates the ways of prejudice by having situations that may have occurred in past history. She carefully distinguishes the idea of prejudice and explains to the reader by tellingRead MoreHidden Figures By Margot Lee Shetterly Segregation / Civil Rights Movement1288 Words   |  6 PagesSegregation was the discrimination of colored people and being separated from the white community. This time period, the 1960’s, was shown in both Hidden Figures and The Help. The book Hidden Figures by Margot Lee Shetterly represents segregation/Civil Rights Movement as a nonfictional story about three black women who strive to be engineers at the Langley lab in Virginia and their efforts to get there. However, The Help by Kathryn Stockett represents segregation/Civil Rights Movement as the backdropRead MoreHidden Figures By Margot Lee Shetterly Segregation / Civil Rights Movement1347 Words   |  6 PagesSegregation was the discrimination of colored people and being separated from the white community. This time period, the 1960’s, was shown in both Hidden Figures and The Help. The book Hidden Figures by Margot Lee Shetterly represents segregation/Civil Rights Movement as a nonfictional story about three black woman who strive to be engineers at the Langley lab in Virginia and their efforts to get there. However, The Help by Kathryn Stockett represents segregation/Civil Rights Movement as the backdropRead MoreHidden Figures By Margot Lee Shetterly Segregation / Civil Rights Movement1402 Words   |  6 Pagespeople were given poorer treatment than white people, and everything was segregated, from buses to schools to water fountains/bathrooms. Segregation was portrayed in two books. The book Hidden Figures by Margot Lee Shetterly represents segregation/Civil Rights Movement as a nonfictional story about three black woman who strive to be in the engineering field at the Langley lab and what it takes for them to get there. However, the book The Help by Kathryn Stockett represents segregation/Civil Rights

Pestel Analysis on China - 1481 Words

Political factor: If Nike wants to open international market such as China, the company would get disadvantages because every country will protect and priority for its domestic products. So, the company must find out exactly these requirements that the country require in Nike to overcome these barriers. International trade regulations The trade regulations in China are formulated in accordance with the Foreign Trade Law of the Peoples Republic of China in order to maintain foreign trade order and fair competition and to protect domestic industry. In 2011, Nike has difficulties to highlight the deep problems businesses face in manufacturing in China, particularly at a time of sharply rising costs and a stiffening legal environment.†¦show more content†¦Employment laws Nike is also finally introducing minimum wage to all Nike employees as well as full health care benefits. China is ranked number 144 on the World Health Organization’s health system list. (America is number 37). Full health benefits would be an excellent advantage to many workers in China. It is within Nike’s best interest to maintain a favorable status within the Chinese government. They are moving further into the interior of China; away from the more wealthy coastal cities into the major indus trial areas with large numbers of Chinese workers will be a perfect purchasing market. Economic factor: Nikes growth is not just affected by the local economy but also in the international economy. An Asian recession could mean weak sales for Nike. The overall results in the sales generated by Nike in athletic footwear, however, remained stable. The global market makes up for the variances in sales particularly between peak and lean seasons. Economic growth China’s economy will expand 8.7 percent in 2011, down from 10 percent last year, as the government tries to limit increases in asset prices, the World Bank said . In April 7, the Chinese investment and exports will probably grow mildly in 2011 and 2012 due to the inflation pressures and tightening of monetary policy. According to the Asia Development Outlook, the economic publication of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), released Wednesday the Chinese economy is expected to slow down. ChinasShow MoreRelatedPestel Analysis China1301 Words   |  6 Pagesstate. The people’s republic of China is a single party state governed by the communist party of China. President : Hu Jintao Prime Minister: Wen Jiabau Independence: 1, October 1949 ( People’s republic of China) Constitutional system China or People Republic of China adopts socialist system or communism in their political system in their decision-making process in governing the country. The country’s sole political party in power is known as communist party of China. The government have the soleRead MorePestel Analysis - Banking in China1112 Words   |  5 PagesUsing PESTEL analysis to understand the macro-environment that impacts the Banking Industry in China. Political Factors †¢ China has a socialist political system †¢ China has entered into the WTO and as part of the commitment to open up the banking industry, has issued the Rules for Implementing the Regulations Governing Foreign Financial Institutions in the People’s Republic of China , which allows Foreign financial institutions to provide foreign currency services to Chinese enterprisesRead MorePestel Analysis China Essay example812 Words   |  4 PagesPESTEL -Political Recently China has made extraordinary efforts in modernizing legal and economical system aimed to stabilize the growth of the country; however China remains a strictly controlled country, where civil liberties, such as freedom of communication, religion practice and demonstration are severely limited. Major internal problems in China include growing corruption, increasing rural poverty and environmental degradation. China enjoys a strong relationship with the US and otherRead MoreBusiness Environment of China France Hongkong Essay653 Words   |  3 Pagescurrent markets in China, Hong Kong, and France P.3-5 1.2.1 Executive Summary P.3 1.2.2 Fashion industry life cycle and the current position of the three countries P.4 1.3 SWOT and TOW S Analysis for Koyo Jeans in the three countries analysed P.5 Part 2 Drivers to Internationalisation 2.1 Motivation for Koyo Jeans entering emerging Markets P.6 2.2 Environmental Analysis in Brazil and India P.6 2.2.1 Findings on comparison between Brazil and India (PESTEL 5Forces) PRead MorePestel / Pestle Analysis Of Amazon971 Words   |  4 PagesAn Organization I am familiar with I want to speak about its Pest analysis is Amazon. Amazon.com Inc. successfully shelters the issues shown in the PESTEL/PESTLE examination of its e-commerce business and remote or macro-environment. The PESTEL/PESTLE Analysis model is a tool for classifying the external factors that shape the conditions of a company’s remote or macro-environment. In the case of Amazon, the circumstances of the online retail market are measured. As the largest firm in the marketRead MoreThe General Macro Environment And Industry Attractiveness1101 Words   |  5 PagesAn external analysis looks at the general macro environment and industry attractiveness. A PESTEL analysis will be used to look at the macro environment and Porter’s Five Forces framework will follow to provide a clearer picture of industry attractiveness. PESTEL Kohl’s needs to consider political factors affecting the retail market, which usually pertain to governmental policy. The following represent current political external factors that are present in the macro retail environment in whichRead MoreSwot And Analytical Tools : Business Analysis Tools1040 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Æ' INTERGRATED AND ANALYTICAL TOOLS Business analysis tools are different techniques investors use to assess a company’s operations. In most cases, the purpose of the analysis is to determine how effective or efficient a company is in the overall market locally, nationally and globally. A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of this strategic planning process. A few different tools are commonly used such as SWOT, PESTEL, Comparative and Porter’s Five Forces. Each oneRead MoreThe Impact Of Globalization On The Auto Parts Industry1194 Words   |  5 Pageshas become one of the fastest growing industries which plays a major role in the development of the domestic manufacture as well as the GDP Growth. PESTEL: To evaluate all the internal and external factors that directly or indirectly impact the Auto parts industry, the PESTEL model has been used as the analysis for this major industry. PESTEL stands for the five most important forces that comprehensively analyse and monitor the manufacturing: Political forces, Economical forces, Socio-culturalRead MoreSwot Analysis : Apple As A Company And Their Products1085 Words   |  5 PagesPESTEL Analysis consist of political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal factors that make up an organization and for this paper we will analysis Apple as a company and their products. Apple is among the fastest growing company that has made itself a recognizable consumer name for electronics and gadgets. Investors have always looked forward for investing in Apple due to its strong revenue and high return on investment. Started operating as a traditional computer company, itRead MoreHow Mergers And Acquisition Affect Financial P erformance1170 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent data btw acquiring firms and target firms to analysis their company value changes before after in disclosure date. Company choiceï ¼Å¡ Cisco system Inc, Lenovo Group Ltd, Microsoft Corporation Objectives The report will focus on analysis what kind of impact will affect companies’ financial performance and its value through companies’ mergers and acquisition in technology industry. This article will use a variety of ways for detailed analysis of how Mergers and acquisition affect financial performance

The Conflict of the Ethnic Groups - 1399 Words

Ethnic groups conflict Pastoralist Community Initiative And Development Assistance (PACIDA )highlights the insecurity as a consequence of race for the limited water and pasture in Marsabit area of Kenya (East Africa). Their report of the situation in Marsabit in 2009 indicated that within Marsabit, security has been a major problem. Over the past months in the cause of the year, series of cattle rustling and loss of human lives was quiet frequent, especially in Marsabit. Over range of four month 10 human lives claimed in the process of raid between the Borans and the Samburus. In fact this has been long outstanding conflict in the District. This indicates that some of the conflicts are well organized banditry executions. The different communities organize themselves to go raid others homesteads, particularly from another ethnic group and get livestock. This occurs majorly during the driest times when livestock die in large numbers. To restock their herds, the different communities go for raids in the other communities. The office of the prime minister of Kenya adds that, Security remained precarious for several areas in larger Marsabit district. Incidences of armed conflicts were reported along Loiyangalani and North Horr Divisions and along Marsabit and Laisamais district border. These are regions within the Marsabit District and region. The frequency of cattle rustling between the Samburu and Isiolo communities in particular raises a lot of concern. In theseShow MoreRelatedEthnic Group Conflict: The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict1445 Words   |  6 PagesIsraeli-Palestinian conflict demonstrates this concept vividly. Both sides harbor antagonistic social perceptions against each other. Only by changing these perceptions can a reconciliation be reached. The opposing views result in a biased lens, which only serves to uphold the traditionally held generalities each culture has of the other. Even though religion is a primary theme in the conflict between these two groups, it may only be the bridge that transcends all the differences of the two ethnic groups. TheRead MoreThe Political Problems Of Burma1621 Words   |  7 Pagestensions between ethnic groups. The country is also characterised by its unstable political regime, mainly military ones, and its diverse ethnic background. The main ethnic group are the Bam ar and occupy 60% of the land (Laoutsides and Ware, 2016). But no less than 135 ethnicities occupy the 40% left. Identity in the country is seen as the main explanation as to why the country cannot solve its political problems and is in constant conflict. We can wonder however to what extent can the conflict be understoodRead MoreCivic culture In Yugoslavia Essay1647 Words   |  7 Pagesfollowed â€Å"identity with or membership in a particular racial, national, or cultural group and observance of that group’s customs, beliefs, or language†. Ethnicity defines many of us but a few want our definition to be â€Å"cleansed† and this is when civil conflict arises. Ethnicity is frequently cited as an explanation for conflicts in the post cold war era. Yugoslavia, a prime example of a system that encountered ethnic conflict that led to a violent civil war, consisted of six republics and two autonomousRead MoreRace Is A Social Construction1074 Words   |  5 PagesD ivisions have been constructed by society. Society tries to put people into different groups, it makes it easier to define people as â€Å"other† 2. What are some of the commonalities people might share with others whom they consider in the same ethnic group? Give examples. Ethnic group, as opposed to race as explained in the previous questions, does have some basis. Commonalities that people share in an ethnic group are language, religion, traditions, or physical features. For example, someone who identifiesRead MoreEthnic Conflicts in Nigeria629 Words   |  3 Pagespoverty, and ethno-religious conflicts until the 1990s. The military continued intervening because they believed the civilian leaders were inept and indecisive. Ethnic conflicts continued to escalate through the democratic transition in Nigeria, as various ethnic groups demanded political restructuring. The federal structure has developed deep cracks and demands urgent action to fix it. What is most worrisome in Nigeria is the religious dimension of ethnic conflict and competition for power andRead MoreThe Causes and Solutions to Ethnic Conflicts1733 Words   |  7 PagesThe Causes and Solutions to Ethnic Conflicts Scholars of International Security have been trying to develop a theoretical approach to explain the causes of ethnic conflict for a long time. These studies have led to contentious debates but have also probed so deeply that their findings help shed new light on these issues, providing better understanding and possible solutions. Ethnic groups are defined as a community of people who share cultural and linguistic characteristics including religionRead MoreWhat is Confict Transformation 890 Words   |  4 Pages Conflict transformation explains that rather then getting rid of the conflict (expression or disagreement), it seeks to work at the problem from the inside out (Lederach, 1995). In this conflict stated above the root of the conflict was when the customer did not retain her information and software due to the suggestion given of performing a factory reset her computer. This problem could have been resolved when the customer first came in the store and inquired about this issue. The sale representativeRead MoreEssay on Ian Burumas Murder in Amsterdam1617 Words   |  7 PagesMuslim faith. Hirsi Ali eventually won a seat in the Dutch parliament. Each of the main characters presented by Buruma are absolutists in their right, but they are not, however, typical representatives of certain social or political ideologies or groups that increasingly find themselves in violent contention with each other. Theo van Gogh’s absolutism was in his support of free speech. His strong support for free speech was likely the result of the times, the 1960s, and his background includingRead MoreEthnicity And Its Impact On Development Essay1242 Words   |  5 Pageslining that was in ethnicity has begun to fade and in some areas, it has completed ceased to exist. Today, ethnic ambitions have continuously replaced the patriotism of people to a nation further dividing their loyalties to their nation (Manyasa, 2005:69). Tribal orientations and ethnic labels have taken over in most of African states. In such cases, a person is first loyal to their ethnic group and then second comes the nation. This is a scenario that has been seen to impac t on development. That isRead MoreEssay on Conflict and Communication 1267 Words   |  6 PagesConflict and Communication Conflict can happen anytime of your life, it will happen matter you want it or not. In addition, it can have both negative and positive impacts for our relationship (Gudykunst, 2004). According to Yi-Feng 2007, she mentions that conflict is â€Å"incompatible activities, where one person’s actions are interfering, obstructing, or in other ways making the behavior of another less effective†. In term of nature of conflict, conflict is a cause which happens by threatened human

Hypertension Causes And Treatments Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

The most common medical status and taking cause of decease in Ireland today is Hypertension, accounting for about 1/3 of the entire figure of deceases and killing about 10,000 people each twelvemonth. Hypertension or high blood force per unit area is where the force of the blood against the arterial walls as it circles the organic structure is more forceful than it should be. It is the chief cause of decease in Ireland due to the fact that it is a status that normally gives no symptoms, and goes unnoticed unless it is checked on a regular basis or when a wellness job arises. We will write a custom essay sample on Hypertension Causes And Treatments Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is the deficiency of symptoms that gives the status its other name The Silent Killer. To look into entire blood force per unit area a measuring of both systolic and diastolic force per unit area must be taken. Systolic force per unit area measures the blood force per unit area while the bosom beats and diastolic force per unit area measures the blood force per unit area while the bosom rests. Normal blood force per unit area is considered to be 120/80 mmHg, 120 being the measuring of systolic end product and 80 being measuring of the diastolic end product. Today, there are 4 classs of blood force per unit area ; normal, pre-hypertension, high blood pressure stageI and high blood pressure stageII. Normal blood force per unit area as stated antecedently is 120/80, pre-hypertension is considered to be between 121-139 systolic and 80-89 diastolic while both phases of high blood pressure are 140 systolic or higher with 90 diastolic or higher.blood-pressure.gif The status With Hypertension, as stated antecedently both the systolic and diastolic may be inveterate higher than 140/90mmHg or merely one of the measurings may be inveterate higher than the normal figure. Hypertension is split into 2 different blood force per unit area classs ; high blood pressure phase I and high blood pressure phase II. Phase I flatly has a systolic of between 140 and 159 with a diastolic of 90 to 99 while phase II is marked by a systolic reading of 160 or higher with a diastolic of 100 or more. There are 2 types of high blood pressure, the first is called indispensable high blood pressure and the second is called secondary high blood pressure. Essential or primary high blood pressure is high blood force per unit area with no identified cause while secondary high blood pressure is high blood force per unit area caused by another implicit in status or the medicine used to handle it. When sing the pathogenesis of primary high blood pressure, the alteration in systemic vascula ture could be as a consequence of continuously increased blood volume, cardiac end product or strictly due to sustained lift of the systemic vascular opposition. The increased opposition is as a consequence of a decrease in diameter of the lms and thickener of the walls of immune blood vass. Vascular tone is besides another factor to take into consideration when sing pathogenesis as surveies show that vascular endothelium of patients with high blood pressure produce really small azotic oxide. Nitric oxide is the organic structure ‘s natural vasodilative but due to the decrease in production the vascular smooth musculus becomes less sensitive to its activity. This deficiency of azotic oxide and desensitized smooth musculus coupled with increased production of endothelin can take to enhanced vasoconstriction of the vascular tissue. This vasoconstriction causes the arterial walls to go more stiff and to increase opposition to the flow of blood, which in bend causes the bosom to c rush more forcefully. The stiffening of the arterial walls besides leads to a wider pulsation which is a characteristic of stray systolic high blood pressure which is where the systolic reading is 140 but the diastolic reading is still below 90.blood_vessel.gif Causes Today, indispensable high blood pressure histories for more than 90 % of all high blood pressure related instances while secondary high blood pressure viz. accounts for the remainder. The cause of indispensable high blood pressure is unknown but there are 7 factors that could potentially be responsible for this type of blood force per unit area. These are a high salt diet, age, ethnicity such as African American, Renal inadequacy, weight jobs, genetic sciences and susceptibleness. Secondary high blood pressure is less common but is by and large a consequence of an implicit in status or due to medicine ; some implicit in causes include nephritic inadequacy, thyroid inadequacy, gestation, emphasis and many more. Nephritic arteria stricture is the narrowing of the nephritic arteria lms, this consequences in a decrease of force per unit area in the arteriola and a decrease in nephritic perfusion. This decrease in nephritic perfusion and bottleneck of the arteria stimulates the release of chymosin which increases the concentration of the endocrines angiotensin II and aldosterone. The addition in these endocrines consequences in the increased consumption of Na and H2O therefore increasing the blood volume taking to high blood pressure due to the Frank-Starling mechanism. The pathogenesis of hyperaldosteronism is similar to that of nephritic arteria stricture, as the increased secernment of aldosterone consequences in increased Na and H2O uptake therefore increasing the blood volume and cardiac end product. The Frank-Starling mechanism is physiologically involved in equilibrating the end product of the 2 ventricles of the bosom ; it is the Black Marias ability to alter its force of contraction therefore altering the shot volume as a response to alterations in the venous return. An illustration of this is an addition in end product of the right ventricle would take to an addition in the flow into the left ventricle. Without the Frank-Starling mechanism to respond to th e instability so a major malfunction would occur.primary hyperaldosteronism One of the most prevailing links with secondary high blood pressure in today ‘s society is stress. It acts as an indirect cause of the status by repeatedly exciting the sympathetic nervous system ; this overstimulation leads to big sums of vasoconstricting endocrines such as noradrenaline to be released. Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system due to emphasize besides increases the go arounding angiotonin II, antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone degrees. The changeless and perennial bottleneck of the arterias due to increased cardiac end product and vascular opposition elevates the blood force per unit area. On top of the sympathetic nervous system stimulation, emphasis besides stimulates the adrenal myelin to bring forth more catecholamines such as noradrenaline and adrenaline. It is the combination of increased catecholamines and angiotonin II that maintains the elevated blood force per unit area doing the high blood pressure. Conventional intervention To handle the status it is frequently necessary to look at the underlying cause if any and to seek dainty that where possible. For indispensable high blood pressure there is no identifiable cause so the intervention program is test and mistake, while with secondary high blood pressure ; the implicit in status that is seting emphasis on the bosom can be treated with the hopes that it will relieve the strain. There are 4 chief categories of antihypertensive drugs these are ; Diuretics, vasodilatives, sympathetic nervous system suppressers and rennin-angiotensin system drugs. Diuretic drugs such as Thiazides, K sparing and cringle are the chief types used in the intervention of high blood pressure. They are frequently called ‘water pills ‘ as they act on the kidneys to increase the riddance of Na and H2O from the organic structure in order to diminish blood volume. Vasodilators are another of import class of drugs in the intervention of high blood pressure as they help in the relaxation of the musculuss in the blood vass. Calcium channel adversaries ( blockers ) and potassium channel agonists are 2 chief illustrations of vasodilatives used to handle high blood pressure. The Ca channel blockers aid in the relaxation by barricading the Ca conductivity of L type Ca channels on vascular smooth musculus. K+ channel agonists on the other manus do local relaxation of smooth musculus by increasing the permeableness of the membrane to K+ ions. The activation of K ions switches off the Ca channels therefore halting the production of action potencies. Alpha and beta blockers/ adversaries are 2 chief sympathetic nervous system suppressers or peripheral sympatholytic drugs used in the intervention of high blood pressure. The alpha adversary blocks the alpha receptors in the smooth musculus of peripheral arterias which blocks the mechanism of contraction through the IP3 signal transduction tract therefore cut downing the blood force per unit area. The beta antagonists nevertheless, merely act on cut downing the cardiac end product and are found to be non so effectual on their ain and so they are by and large prescribed with the usage of water pills like the Thiazides. Alpha agonists are the 3rd type of sympathetic nervous system suppresser or centrally acting sympatholytic drugs, they block the sympathetic activity of the encephalon by adhering to the alpha 2 receptor and triping it. This activation of the alpha 2 receptor reduces the escape to the bosom therefore diminishing the cardiac end product, bosom rate and contraction. By an d large the alpha agonists are prescribed in concurrence with water pills due to the drugs unstable accretion side effects which when left untreated can take to cell hydrops. The last class of drugs used to handle high blood pressure is the Renin-angiotensin targeting drugs. The 2 chief aiming drugs used are ACE inhibitors and angiotonin II receptor adversaries. ACE inhibitors or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors ; barricade the enzyme from bring forthing angiotonin II which is responsible for the narrowing of blood vass and stimulation of endocrines that raise blood force per unit area. By barricading this enzyme, the blood vass remain relaxed and blood force per unit area remains normal. On the other manus, the angiotonin II receptor adversaries block the action of angiotonin non the formation therefore the blood vass remain relaxed. Herbal and complementary intervention In today ‘s medical universe, diet and exercising are the best recommended interventions where possible or when medicine can be avoided. Simple things such as to discontinue smoke, exerting for 30 proceedingss a twenty-four hours, restricting salt and intoxicant consumption, eating a bosom healthy diet and cut downing emphasis are all things that could dramatically take down blood force per unit area. Addendums in the diet are another friendly manner of lower blood force per unit area, addendums such as omega3 fish and pod liver oils, coenzyme Q10, ALA, Allium sativum, Ca and chocolate are all indicated for the intervention of high blood pressure. Where addendums and diet do n’t hold the desired efficaciousness, herbs can assist hike the effects or can even be used in concurrence with prescribed anti-hypertensive medicines. How to cite Hypertension Causes And Treatments Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Comparative Cost of Food and Beverages †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Comparative Cost of Food and Beverages. Answer: Introduction: FoodByUs launched in Sydney in 2013 for the purpose of providing online food services to the local people in their community. Company is working as an online middleman for the person living in Australia. FoodByUs provides good quality homemade food products to the customers at low price (Timeout, 2018). Basically it is an electronic food sharing platform. They delivered the product sometimes for a cost and sometimes free at their door step and offering a wide range of varieties in food from cakes to curries and more. The aim of the company is to give people the chance to sell their amazing homemade food as well as giving buyer the chance to have an authentic experience of homemade food. The supply depends on the demand of product in the economy (Startup Smart, 2018). They are providing the opportunities for those people who love to cook food and who are passionate for cooking. They are providing employment to many people with the flexibility of working part time or full time. In this type of market there exists consumer sovereignty that means government will not decide the consumption of goods and services; consumer will himself decide about it (Larder, Lyons and Woolcock, 2014). The supply and demand concept is always applied in the economy as it is one of the fundamental concepts. As the law of demand states that consumer will buy more of a commodity only when its price is low and vice versa. The law of demand operates here also as FoodByUs is providing low cost products to its customers. Similarly seller prefer to sell their goods at a higher price so that they can earn higher amount of profit as law of supply states that as price increases quantity supplied also increases and vice versa(Trostle, 2010). Price is decided in the market on the basis of the market forces that is demand and supply. Elasticity is also dependent on the price and quantity factor. There is an intense competition in the online food delivery market. There exists large number of sellers in the market and offering the variety of services and products with innovative ideas. FoodByUs also has many competitors like Foodara, UberEats etc. FoodByUs has not only affected the online food services but also affected the restaurants profitability and earnings. Due to competition restaurants keep their cost as low as possible giving discounts and rebates. However, due to heavy discounts, restaurants have to decrease the quantity and they are compromising with the quality of their food well as (Ferguson, O'dea, Chatfield, Moodi, Altman, and Brimblecombe, 2016). Online consumer rating provides a good basis to the customers to select good restaurants. Consumers rely on ratings given to these online food delivery companies. Quality control standards are maintained to have a good relation between the consumer and the seller. FoodByUs provides the homemade food to the people and works as a linking pin between them. The ratings of FoodByUs are high which signifies that good quality food is being delivered to the customers. FoodByUs provides a platform where cooking turns into dollars and people have to work according to their convenience and people need not be professional. This type of online chains provides employment to the people in Sydney as they can do this work from home and this business does not require a huge amount of investment to start. In this form of business there are less chances of downfall in the market as people will not stop the consumption of food. The growth rate i.e. GDP of country increases because of this type of food chains in country. Earnings of the individual worker are increasing so ultimately it will increase the growth of the country (Lee, Kane, Ramsey, Good, and Dick, 2016). Shared economy gives rise to the independent workers in the country and these are called freelancers. These freelancers are free from the tax liability up to an extent so it is an extra benefit to them. These virtual labours are skilled and they are doing this work because they are passionate towar ds cooking. These workers are not dependent on the MNCs for the jobs (Morgan and Kuch, 2015). As they are operating in the market where the marketers are playing online and dealing in goods and services through apps and fulfilling the demands of public. The supply of goods also depends on the needs and wants of the consumers. This online food industry provides employment to many people to earn their livelihood and increase their standard of living. Sharing economy is considered to be less harmful as compared to the other commercial units. They offer the worker the suitable timings for their workings. It increases the personal well-being of an individual and increases the earnings in the economy (Belk, 2014). FoodByUs tries to provide better deliveries to its customers. The platform also offers a GPS tracking system for deliveries and mobile ordering along with an integrated payment system. Allocation of resource become simple in shared economy as there is less wastage of resources and workers try to utilise the resources to the best (Verghese, Lewis, Lockrey, and Williams, 2015). Sharing economy reduces the entry barriers for the firms. Workers only have to concentrate on making the food and all the logistics, marketing and payment work are done by the company. Resources are utilised efficiently and effectively in shared economy so that overhead cost could be reduced. In this type of business, requirement of capital and investment is too low (Heikkurinen, and Forsman?Hugg, 2011). Consumers have perfect knowledge of the market and products offered by marketeers. Consumers have the right to choose individually which goods and services they have to choose and reject. Marketers have control over the prices of the product as they are the price maker of their product. According the founder of the FoodByUs, the company can expand and make more money in the market. But in this type of market the resources are highly mobile. They can easily move from one place to another if they find higher pay from the other company so it will be a risk for a company. In this online food market, makers are those people who love to make food and do this work as side business to earn more revenues. These makers can also include retirees, housewives and a person wanting a career change (Ghonkrokta, 2017). FoodByUs is running on the concept of love your passion not your boss. Workers are free to work as per their convenience. Labour gets the payment for delivering only quality food to the customers. FoodByUs provides a unique range of variety of its products which others are not offering. As an intermediary, FoodByUs is responsible for providing the good quality products and services (Cahuc, Carcillo, and Zylberberg, 2014). FoodByUs is providing an adequate amount of wages to its labour. FoodByUs working as a middleman for buyer and makers, so company collects charges from both the parties. But in some cases labour is not getting paid satisfactorily as they want. According to rules and regulations, if labour is working more than 40 hours week, an overtime should be given to them (Anleu, and Mack, 2005). In sharing economy, the labour is paid according to quantity produced. In sharing economy, labour of FoodByUs can easily charge the high fee and in a position to negotiate the amount as there are few sellers available in the market. They are not the permanent employees and they are free from the threat of being fired as they are free to move to other place whenever they want and can showcase their talent there. In the online delivery of food market, the elasticity of wages is imperfectly elastic as compared to wage rate if the labour choice is heterogeneous then the elasticity of wages will be low that means labour is offered to work at low rates and vice versa. From the above discussion, we can conclude that the FoodByUs is providing an online homemade food delivery to the people of Sydney and now it wants to expand to Melbourne also. Company is providing a good quality homemade food items to the people and offering them a variety of food. FoodByUs prefers to use the concept of customization in its activities. The market is quite monopoly in its nature. Talking about its competitors, company is becoming the leader in its industry as others like foodara are striving for this position. Prices of homemade food are fixed by the labour. Labour has monopoly over the market as they can shift from one place to another where they are getting the handsome amount. This type of company increases the employment opportunities for those who love to make food and for those also who are unemployed and searching for the job positions. These sharing economies make people independent. References: Startup Smart, (2018). Menulog co-founder launches new startup FoodByUs with $2 million in funding to bring the sharing economy to home cooking [online]. Available at: https://www.smartcompany.com.au/startupsmart/advice/startupsmart-funding/menulog-co-founder-launches-new-sydney-startup-foodbyus-with-2-million-in-funding-to-bring-the-sharing-economy-to-home-cooking[ACCESSED ON 27th march 2018] Morgan, B. and Kuch, D., 2015. Radical transactionalism: legal consciousness, diverse economies, and the sharing economy.Journal of Law and Society,42(4), pp.556-587. Verghese, K., Lewis, H., Lockrey, S. and Williams, H., 2015. Packaging's role in minimizing food loss and waste across the supply chain.Packaging Technology and Science,28(7), pp.603-620. Larder, N., Lyons, K. and Woolcock, G., 2014. Enacting food sovereignty: values and meanings in the act of domestic food production in urban Australia.Local Environment,19(1), pp.56-76. Cahuc, P., Carcillo, S. and Zylberberg, A., 2014.Labor economics. MIT press. Heikkurinen, P. and Forsman?Hugg, S., 2011. Strategic corporate responsibility in the food chain.Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management,18(5), pp.306-316. Trostle, R., 2010.Global agricultural supply and demand: factors contributing to the recent increase in food commodity prices (rev. DIANE Publishing. Belk, R., 2014. You are what you can access: Sharing and collaborative consumption online.Journal of Business Research,67(8), pp.1595-1600. Ghonkrokta, S.S., 2017.Science and Strategies for Safe Food. CRC Press. Anleu, S.R. and Mack, K., 2005. Magistrates' everyday work and emotional labour.Journal of Law and Society,32(4), pp.590-614. Ferguson, M., O'dea, K., Chatfield, M., Moodie, M., Altman, J. and Brimblecombe, J., 2016. The comparative cost of food and beverages at remote Indigenous communities, Northern Territory, Australia.Australian and New Zealand journal of public health,40(S1). Lee, A.J., Kane, S., Ramsey, R., Good, E. and Dick, M., 2016. Testing the price and affordability of healthy and current (unhealthy) diets and the potential impacts of policy change in Australia.BMC Public Health,16(1), p.315. Kadiyala, S., Harris, J., Headey, D., Yosef, S. and Gillespie, S., 2014. Agriculture and nutrition in India: mapping evidence to pathways.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences,1331(1), pp.43-56. Timeout, (2018). You can now order home-cooked meals with this new food delivery site [online]. Available at: https://www.timeout.com/melbourne/blog/you-can-now-order-home-cooked-meals-with-this-new-food-delivery-site-120116 [ACCESSED ON 27th march 2018].